Harissa is from Tunisia and is popular all over the Mediterranean, particularly in North Africa. The word harissa simply means to pound in Arabic. In this case it means to pound all the ingredients into a paste.
Harissa is synonymous with a spicy red sauce made from roasted baklouti peppers, spices, and tomatoes. Most often, it’s used to add flavor to couscous, vegetables, seafood, and meats.
I like to think of harissa as being similar to salsa. The red version is the most well-known, but since harissa simply means “to pound,” there can be many different versions, including green and rose harissa.